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Prosperity and Stagnation. Some Cultural and Social Aspects of the Abbasides Period, red. Krzysztof Kościelniak

Seria "Orientalia Christiana Cracoviensia-Monographie" 1, Kraków 2010.

The so called Abbaside age — the rule one of the greatest Sunni dynasties of the Muslim empire covering the reign of 37 caliphs - by all means deserve to be thoroughly studied. It was at that time of acculturation when the Islamic world adopted the output of Greek science through Oriental Christianity. A number of medieval thinkers and philosophers who lived under the reign of the Abbasides greatly contributed to the development of Greek, Hindu and other pre-Islamic sources of knowledge. Alexandrian mathematics, geometry and astrology were considerably developed. The epoch of the Abbasides was the time of powerful and ambivalent inter-religious interaction, the time of cooperation but also the time of persecution of Christians, the time when Muslim schools were formed and when Christians consolidated on Islamic territory. 

It was under the reign of the Abbasides that the differences between Arabic and non-Arabic populations inhabiting the caliphate were effaced and the empire turned from being Arabic into a Muslim one. Arabs lost the monopoly power over a vast empire and the Persian element found its path  into the differently formed Khalif court. In this way the Omayyads barrier between the conquerors and the conquered appears to have been practically abolished. In spite of the fact that Abbaside Arab rulers were Arabian origin, court language and model model of islam, was really Persian on account of its politics and imperial administration. During this period court of Baghdad was dominated by Persia and not by Arabia with its ministers, Amirs, scribes and chamberlains. The Khalif army included the Arabic and non-Arabic soldiers and this situation caused many racial and political troubles. The Abbasides were gradually deprived of all their military prestige, when they lost all confidence in Arabic soldiers replacing them by Persian legions and then by the Turkish Guards. 

Publication Prosperity and Stagnation. Some Cultural and Social Aspects of the Abbasid Period has an interdisciplinary character presenting of the richness of the epoch in the form studies. The papers which are presented by the scholars constitute the fruit of Their long-standing work on these specialist yet extraordinarily significant issues. Some of the experiences of the epoch may proove useful for the contemporary dialogue of civilizations, wheras others constitute expamples of mistakes to be avoided in the future.

Table of contents:

Angelika Hartmann: Social Aspects in Caliph al-Nāsir li-Dīn Allāh's concept of government.

Katarzyna Pachniak: The kalām proof for divine creation.

Christop her Melchert: Māwardī, Abū Yaʿlá, and the Sunni Revival.

Raif Georges Khoury: L'Avènement des Abbasides et son importance pour le développent de l'écriture en Islam.

Jerzy Hauziński: Al-Afshin – a traitor? On political particularism in the caliphate of early Abbasids once again.

Krzysztof Kościelniak: The Melkites – "people of the emperor" in Abbasid Baghdad and Central Asia.